Hipaa Violation and Prevention - 1042 Words

HIPAA Violation and Prevention Many healthcare professionals and organizations have not been following the regulations set forth by HIPAA. Whenever violations of HIPAA’s privacy or security laws occur the organizations responsible must be held accountable resulting in a fine or penalty. Penalties provide incentive for organizations to guarantee patient privacy and security. Recently, certain people have failed to follow through with the laws and restrictions and were forced to accept the penalty. This paper will provide three real examples of such HIPAA violations as well as solutions or ways each violation could have been prevented. In 2010, The Hospice of North Idaho, located in Hayden Idaho had a security breach compromising 441†¦show more content†¦In March 2012, Blue Cross Blue Shield of Tennessee (BCBST) agreed to pay the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 1.5 million dollars to also settle violations of HIPAA Privacy and Security Rules. There was first an investigation into a reported fifty-seven stolen unencrypted computer hard drives containing protected health information of over one million individuals. The investigation showed that BCBST failed to implement administrative, physical, and technical safeguards. The organizations administrators failed to perform required security evaluations as well as implement appropriate physical safeguards such as adequate facility access controls. As in the first example, the hard drives were not encrypted either. This incident would have been prevented if BCBST had improved its technical safeguards by encrypting all electronic devices. Also, it sh ould have monitored its facilities more closely and had more reviews to ensure that everything was in compliance with HIPAA laws. Also, the organization would be in better shape if it conducted regular training for employees covering HIPAA responsibilities so that everyone is informed of what is right. No such policies relating to HIPAA were in place prior to the incident. The three incidents that were described showed that proper HIPAA education is essential for any work in the medical field. Compliance to the laws will prevent huge fines and decrease any company losses. Also, patient privacy will beShow MoreRelatedHipaa Violations Within The United States1166 Words   |  5 PagesDuring this research, there has been a collection of data that had been connected to the instances of HIPAA violations within the United States. There are various cases that have been reported through patients and employees where very personal medical information has been exposed unlawfully for personal gain. These cases have not only put a company at reputational risk. But these cases can also place a patient and or healthcare company in a terrible financial stipulation. This thesis will includeRead MoreEffective Working Knowledge of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (Hipaa)668 Words   |  3 PagesEffective working knowledge of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) A shadow chart (not part of the legal medical record) is a copy of original health record retained apart from the primary custodial area used primary by health care providers in their office or clinic setting. Independent databases are often created by researchers and may not include the same content as the original health record. In case of a late entry (addendum) in one, shadow chart or independentRead MoreExpanded Risk Management Plan: How to Handle Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act Violations938 Words   |  4 Pagesapplication has the most risk in terms of a legal violation that involves a compromise of patient privacy. 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The seven titlesRead MoreProtecting Healthcare Fraud And Abuse1509 Words   |  7 PagesTitle II of HIPAA covers two main areas: preventing healthcare fraud and abuse, and a broad series of rules under the framework of administrative simplification. The first area is not of significant interest to most healthcare workers. It defines numerous offenses relating to healthcare, and authorizes several programs to attempt to find and control fraud and abuse. Nurses should be aware of the proper procedures for reporting fraud and abuse at their facility. The second portion of Title II—administrativeRead MoreEssay on Hcs 320 Communications Coordinator1227 Words   |  5 Pagesthe negative publicity surrounding the event with the Chief-of-Police. Today ’s meeting will help decide how to address the issue with the public while minimizing any additional loss to the company and how to communicate the ideas without violating HIPAA, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, guidelines. Advantages and disadvantages of communication methods First, we will discuss advantages and disadvantages of using traditional media to distribute our message. TraditionalRead MoreHow Hipaa Violations Affect the Medical Billing Process1652 Words   |  7 PagesHow HIPAA Violations Affect The Medical Billing Process HCR/220 September 23. 2012 How HIPAA Violations Affect The Medical Billing Process HIV and AIDS are two very serious diseases which first came known and reported in the U.S. in 1981. Today it is estimated that 1.7 million people in the U.S. have been infected with HIV since that date 619,000 people have already died from it. The CDC, (Center For Disease Control) estimates that every one in five people living with HIV, are unaware thatRead MoreThe Role of Government in Policy790 Words   |  4 Pagesassistance in many different areas. A combination of education, intervention, prevention, and treatment is in place to provide to each client’s needs. Laws and judicial decisions influence this healthcare organizations day-to-day business. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) was established in 1996 to protect the rights of individuals when receiving services from health organizations. HIPAA ensures the privacy and confidentiality of individual’s health informationRead MoreHow Hipaa Violations Affect the Medical Billing Process1574 Words   |  7 PagesRunning head: HOW HIPAA VIOLATIONS AFFECT THE MEDICAL BILLING How HIPAA Violations Affect the Medical Billing Process Brenda Beaver Axia Of UOP How HIPAA Violations Affect the Medical Billing Process HIPAA confidentiality is important for very patient but for some reasons when they hear someone has HIV or AIDS it gives them the right to talk about it with others which have no reason to know. I will show why it is so important to be sensitive to this type of health conditions. Will examineRead MoreSocial Media s Impact On Communication1456 Words   |  6 Pagesis shared. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) violations and compliance should be handled in all healthcare organizations. All healthcare providers have to understand what is considered a HIPAA violation within social media. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) created a set of rules to protect the privacy of personal health information known as the Privacy Rule. A breach or violation is an inexcusable use or disclosure under the Privacy Rule that compromises

Ambitions Free Essays

Bamboo is about a system of corruption and oppression brought about by the triangle of power that we are now living In. In the Philippines, the effects of this â€Å"triangle† can be vividly seen throughout the country; murders, stolen funds, mistaken identities and poverty-stricken people because of corruption. The song gives a clearer sound to what the country Is crying for and why the people of this country are suffering and being punished with Injustice every day. We will write a custom essay sample on Ambitions or any similar topic only for you Order Now People are blinded with the notion that racism Is the enemy and color and birthplace Is the enter for Injustice but we are gravely mistaken because as long as there Is poverty to be seen, and Justice to be given only to the rich and powerful, nothing good will come to our country and to our people. I am growing up In a country with officials that are like wolves where they stalk on the easiest prey at the blink of an eye, it would surprise me if one of them would do something out of pure charity, â€Å"being truly generous† is starting to be extinct, with the way our system is progressing. The true nature of this â€Å"triangle† is that it all favors to who is on top and respectively, it all saviors to who is at the bottom and because of this; we are continually being pulled down by our own wrongdoings. A country that lives with two faces, a face which does everything to help the people, and a face that works in the dark to pull strings in self- favor. I have seen how this triangle works and I can personally say that as time passes, the gap between the top and bottom is starting to distance further, which can mean only one thing; the prosperity of the people and the economy is determined by the battle between the two faces of a nation that thrive in a triangle of power. How to cite Ambitions, Papers

Condensed Study Guide free essay sample

Active: does not require energy, area of lower concentration to higher concentration 34) Two identical osmometers are prepared. One is placed into distilled water, while the other is placed into a solution of 10% sugar. Assuming that the membrane is only permeable to water, what conclusions could be made if: a) the osmometer placed in distilled water rapidly fills up with water – hypertonic b) the osmometer placed in 10% SUGAR slowly loses water – hypotonic 35) using the terms hypotonic, isotonic, or hypertonic, explain how you could revive a wilted flower. Place a wilted flower in a glass of pure water. The flower cells would be hypertonic in relation to pure water, so water could move by osmosis into the wilted flower to â€Å"pump it up†. Water always moves to the area that is hypertonic. 36) In what kind of solution must blood be, if red blood cells are to remain healthy? Isotonic – because too much or too little solute would cause cells to burst or swell. We will write a custom essay sample on Condensed Study Guide or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 37) Describe two ways in which phagocytosis differs from pinocytosis. Phagocytosis:brings large particles into cell inside a vesicle . occurs in certain cells (eg. White blood cells) Pinocytosis: brings water and small particles into cell inside a vesicle. Occurs in all cell types.

Title Animal Farm Essays - British Films, Cold War Films, Allegory

Title : Animal Farm Author : George Orwell Date of first publication : 1945 Total number of pages : 112 Date started : 18 november 1996 Date finished : 21 november 1996 Enjoyment Rate (simply rate your enjoyment on a scale of 1-10): 7.5 Favourite moment, incident or chapter (with page references): My favourite moment is when Napoleon is false accusing four pigs of treachery and without any regret he orders to kill the four pigs. Then three hens say that Snowball appeared to them in a dream and he ordered them to disobey Napoleon's orders. They also were slaughtered. Some more animals confess to Napoleon, that they steel or did something else what wasn't allowed to do, according to Napoleon's laws. This al happens on the pages 68 and 69. Why did you choose this book? I heard that the book was easy to read. Point of view. Through whose eyes do we see everything take place? Through the eyes of the author. Describe this character: He doesn't like the communism. Setting. Where does the story take place? The story takes place on a farm in England. When does the story take place? Is has no effect on the story when it takes place, it's is only written to make fun of the communism. Title (Explanation of the title) Animal Farm is the name that the animals gave it, when they conquered the farm. Characters. Mention 2 or 3 of most important minor characters in the story. Boxer and Clover, both aren't very clever, but they can work very hard and all the animals look up to them. How do they influence the main characters? They don't really influence the pigs, but the pigs are just using them for all the hard work. Which character reminds you most of yourself? Why? Non of the animals reminds my of myself. Plot (brief outline): The owner of the Manor Farm treats his animals very bad. One day a smart pig (Major) has an idea of starting a farm which is runned by animals. After he died, two pigs, named Napoleon and Snowball, are starting to work out the plans of Major. After they chased the humans away, they took over the control. All the animals agreed with the plans of Napoleon and Snowball. But one day Napoleon chased Snowball away, because Napoleon accused him of talking to the humans, which was illegal. Then Napoleon took over the power and now he is the leader of the Animal Farm. At the end pigs, who are in charge, decided to trade with humans. Meanwhile the pigs were also walking straight up, just like humans. The pigs invited the human to there farm for a party. When the other animals look in the house, where the pigs live in, it was impossible to say which were which. How does the story end? The story ends with that the animals can't see the difference between the pigs and humans. Is the story rounded off completely or is there an open ending? The story is rounded off. Theme (Why has the book been written): To warn people against the totalitarian regimes and dictatorship.

Marketing audit of Cambridge Elite Soccer School The WritePass Journal

Marketing audit of Cambridge Elite Soccer School Introduction Marketing audit of Cambridge Elite Soccer School Introduction Cambridge Elite Soccer SchoolCambridge Elite Soccer School’s objectives and mission The External and Competitive EnvironmentCustomers and products  Recommendations  ConclusionReferences Appendix Related Introduction Marketing refers to the process of management through which goods and services move from being a concept on to the consumer, a process which broadly consists of the identification, selection and development of a product, pricing, distribution and its promotion (Gladden 2005). Sport marketing therefore involves the application of these processes in the development of sport products to enhance their consumption on the one hand, and the use of the attraction of sport of an audience to market other varied goods and services (Matthew 2005). Sport marketing is therefore broadly defined as the anticipation of consumer wants and needs, and its management and satisfaction through the application of principles and practices of marketing. This is inclusive of the marketing through sport facet which entails the use of sport as a promotional vehicle, a sponsorship platform for companies marketing consumer or industrial products (Blann 2003). This report is formulated to serve as a marketing audit of the Cambridge Elite Soccer School in which I have recently worked in as an Administration Assistant, doubling up as a Brand assistant for its Brand management team. It seeks to create some understanding of ways in which the School applies marketing concepts in its area of performance and specialty (and generally in the sports sector), its strategies in this endeavor and possible avenues for improvement. The structure of the report entails an introduction to the Cambridge Elite Soccer School and description of its history and achievements in its line of business, its objectives and mission. Further, the report delves into a description of the competitive environment in this sports sector and the factors affecting the organization’s business success broadly categorized under political, economic, social and technological spheres. It also delves into a description of its customers and products covering individual details of members and various other participants, an overview of their involvement. Finally, the report gives recommendations deemed appropriate to the School, developed from the marketing audit. Cambridge Elite Soccer School Located in the Neale-Wade Community College, Wimblington Road, March, Cambridgeshire Elite Soccer School is a growing organization that offers top quality coaching to enthusiastic football players in the under 14/15 (U14/U15) category throughout Cambridgeshire. The School has been developed to give these young, high standard and able players an opportunity to enhance their skills further. This is enabled by its highly qualified coaches with extensive experience in the football sector. The School started out in 2009 with its main aim being to educate this category of players in all aspects of training towards professionalism, providing the right environment so as to maximize their chances of success. It seeks to offer useful advice, good facilities, and appropriate football knowledge along with lots of valuable experience imparted by its resident coaches having many years’ experience in the football sector. These coaches are certified, all qualified to a minimum of FA level 2 and include three coaches and one goalkeeper coach and one among them has a Degree in Sports Science and Coaching. The primary aim of the school is to educate its players in all requisite aspects towards professionalism so as to maximize their chances of future success. Selection for training is done over a four week trial period and those that succeed are then taken through continuous training at the school in a professional development scheme by the excellent and FA qualified coaches. The school is deliberately designed to improve both physical and mental performance, creating the right environment to back such an endeavor. For the players’ success, a favorable environment has been sought and the schools facilities, mostly provided by the Neale Wade Community College include an ‘astro’ training pitch, two classrooms, boarding facilities that enable weekend stays during intensive training, entertainment and dining areas enjoined to a modern kitchen. For major events that the school seeks to engage more in, to enhance its presence and create better awareness, the management has sought the use of the local stadium so as to enable attendance of large crowds. The school also has a van that enables the transportation of students to various locations for training or for events. The school’s marketing orientation consists of a focus on the application of marketing principles including the anticipation, management and satisfaction of consumer’s wants and needs. The school identifies its consumers to include the young football players and their immediate families as its dominant target market and the consumer base is expanded to include their families and the local community in general. Also included in the consumer base though secondary are the spectators in the various events, and finally the major teams that consume the school’s product, the trained professional players. To identify and manage the needs and wants of the various stakeholders requires a well-defined strategic approach is required and especially since the school’s main product entails the offer of services in training and development of young players for the club market. In summary, the marketing program that the school engages in involves the creation of a marketing mix that is focused on the dominant target market (the young boys and their immediate families making the decision to enroll in the school so as to foster professional development, as well as the local loyal fan base that can influence such decisions). Its marketing strategy includes the use of traditional broadcast media of TV and radio carrying paid advertisements, extensive signage locally, and print media (newspapers, magazines and brochures). These tools are used to communicate to consumers and thus create an enhanced awareness of the schools events. The school is also seeking to enhance its online presence to serve as a marketing platform so as to enhance its reach limited by the reach of the various media already employed. The internet has grown faster in recent years than the other forms of electronic technology. It offers a new economic opportunity for business through commerce and trade based on the web (Howard 2000). It provides access to a desirable target market and is not limited by distance as the other promotional campaigns can be and therefore presence online can be justified as an effective tool to reach potential markets. It gives fans and other interested parties an opportunity to access information on the schoo l and its events via the internet (Griffin 1996). Cambridge Elite Soccer School’s objectives and mission Objective  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To train the young, high quality players to professionalism and to enable them to realize their football dreams.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The primary aim of the school is to educate its players in all requisite aspects towards professionalism so as to maximize their chances of future success. Mission  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To be a high class development and training school for the soccer sector with an output of all rounded high capacity junior players. The External and Competitive Environment A marketing audit consists of a review of a companys marketing planning, organizational and control processes and their results, looking at the framework for action as well as its performance and potential (Gladden 2005). This report is a horizontal audit of CESS examining the schools mission, its markets, sustainable competitive advantage, marketing plans, coordination of marketing mix, among other critical factors. It is necessary for an organization to consider its environment continuously as it follows through in its strategic path, and this should feed all aspects of planning (Brian 2000). The School’s marketing environment is made up of three levels; its internal environment which include its members of staff and management, technology and finance; its micro-environment which include the   customers, agents and distributors, suppliers and competitors, etc.; and its macro-environment which includes the political (and legal) forces, economic forces, socio-cultural forces and technological forces (the PEST factors). Several factors influence the strategies adopted by the school in its marketing and overall business approaches. Political factors include the influence of events in the political arena upon the regulation of businesses such as the school, and the spending power of the population that constitute consumers of the schools products. With a stable political environment and favorable government policy that influences laws surrounding business, the school is well placed to benefit from its positive influence. The success of the soccer sector in the UK has been beneficial in bringing about the enhancement of goodwill and appreciation of government of all aspects related to football. The governments policy on the economy including the taxation of clubs and sport schools are indicative of its desire to enable the successful realization of objectives in the sport sector and especially football. Economic factors entail a consideration of the economy of the state regarding both the short term and the long term. These include factors such as interest rates, inflation levels and the long term prospects of the economy (pointers to continued performance) with focus on details such as the Gross Domestic product per capita. The challenging economic recession has been a major factor that has negatively affected the business of the Cambridge Elite Soccer School, with its effect upon the disposable incomes of the families in the region that forms the dominant target market for the school and consumer of its products. Socio-cultural factors include factors such as attitudes, leisure times for consumers, life expectancy of the population, and wealth levels among other factors. The school benefits from positive influences of the socio-cultural factors such as the availability of leisure times for the players and their families over the weekend enables the success of such training endeavors. Overall wealth of the population is beneficial to the schools business success and strategy as it enables availability of enhanced disposable incomes that can be utilized in such ventures as paying for the enrolment in the school. The general attitude of the population towards the game and all its affiliated programs and events is also positive and this enables the school to enjoy goodwill and support from the community in many of its events and activities if they are well planned and inclusive. Technology is vital for competitive advantage and in these modern times of the internet, also serves as a major driver for the enhancement of business processes and efficiency. The internet offers a cheaper advertising platform and a direct communication channel with consumers which also allows for the reception of feedback real-time. Other processes such as ticketing, enrolment, bookings and sale of the schools branded items which were hitherto a challenge to see through have been made easier with the employment of the internet avenues. The effective use of the internet by the school for all the above-mentioned processes has however been limited through a lack of consistency in the integration of these processes to benefit from the overall efficiency. The school mainly uses its online presence for communication with consumers and has recently sought to create content for advertising. There still untapped capacity on this platform and it is evidently an area that can enable greater i mprovement in the marketing potential of the school. Competition for the school features both locally and further afield from similar training clubs and schools. Presently, the school’s management focuses on local competition within Cambridgeshire offered by several football clubs featuring programs for a similar age bracket, and soccer training schools. Among the major competitors are; Wisbech St. Mary Football Club, Stukeley Meadows Youth Football Club, Hampton Football Club, and Tony Russell Soccer School among many others. These clubs and organizations are both direct and indirect competitors in the school’s line of business and the school’s management has endeavored to create strategy to enable its differentiation from its competitors through its offer of unique services and competitive pricing. Its unique services include mid week training sessions and the creation of events that involve the participation of the youth and their families. Opportunities are created for the trained youth to play in trials before pro and semi-pro club scouts and give support to them every step of the way, an offer of a comprehensive training program integrated with other activities while the other business competitors focus on playing league games in their claim to offer training. Its indirect competitors include the in-house training programs of the major league clubs’ pro academies though these have limited and difficult to obtain available spaces and are often the preserve of the intensely talented individuals. The challenge offered by these is therefore minimal as there is a major gap in coaching that can only be offered by academies at the grassroots level. This challenge is therefore not a major factor in CESS’ strategic planning and implementation. Customers and products The products offered at the school include professional soccer training of the under14/15 youth so as to enhance their chances of success in pro football and to enable them to increase their capacity to look for professional opportunities playing for the major league clubs. Also included in its product offerings are minor league games and weekend fixtures that have gained in following to become an appreciable income earner for the club. The club also benefits from sales of merchandise including branded apparel, equipment and souvenirs which are part of recent developments brought up during my time of placement. The school’s customers include the young players enrolled in the training programs of the school, their families, spectators that attend the school’s events and fixtures, and the local population as well as people from further afield who purchase merchandise from the school. To gauge the participation of several of these groups of participants, several hundred participants and stakeholders including spectators, parents and members of the general population were selected and questionnaires were administered to them to gain useful information on the marketing success of the school, the general awareness of the schools activities and the services that it provides, as well as their willingness and desire to participate and to attend the school’s events and fixtures. The survey entailed a self-administered survey with questionnaires distributed through mail to several homes in the locality and email to homes further away. This was attained through stratified sampling to select subjects which divides a population into groups from which random samples are chosen. Instrument used for data collection was a survey questionnaire which sought to detail the identification details of those sampled including their locality, their involvement with the school and its activities, how and when they got to learn about the school, their willingness and desire to participate in future events organized by the school’s management. They were also asked to rate the school’s performance on several fronts including its capacity thus far to create awareness of its activities and capacity. The results (collated) are presented in the appendices section of this report. In the results obtained, 70% of the respondents (a total of 410 respondents) confirmed having participated in the school’s events and activities ranging from being spectators at fixtures and league games, to in-house participatory games and even bringing young family members to enroll at the school. Of these, 45% confirmed having participated for two and a half years of the schools three and a half year existence, which characterizes the school’s success at its marketing endeavors early in its life and a capacity to retain its customer base and clientele over this time. 80% of the respondents were willing to participate in the school’s events going forward and the school generally received a high rating at an average of 6.2 points in a scale of 1 to 10. These results are telling of the school’s high capacity at managing its marketing process and creating a loyal fan base.   Recommendations To further enhance its marketing capacity and reach, the School’s management needs to develop strategies including competitive pricing that would enable greater reach. This would enable the school match up to its competitor offers while offering differentiation in training and development. It is also essential that the school tackles the lack of consistency or integration in its marketing initiatives. There is therefore need to do an extensive and comprehensive audit to inform planning for such an endeavor and creation of a workable and effective strategy towards that end. Appropriate Sponsorship programs should also be sought and developed to benefit both the development and financial standing of the school, as well as individual players in their professional development (Barrand 2005). Sponsorships could come from local companies that would like to affiliate so as to benefit the school as well as gain from the school’s target market and marketing potential. Other sponsors can be sought from the manufacturers of sports apparel and equipment, who can help kit the school and offer its branded merchandise at discounted rates to the school’s growing membership and following. They in turn can gain from the marketing platform and mutually with the school from proceeds from sales. The school should also leverage on its earlier products (the high capacity and successful players who have managed to gain entry into professional football and fame) and their success. These individuals can be engaged in advertisements and the enhancement of awareness of the school’s capacity and ability to bring forth desired success (Fullerton 2007). They can also feature in events of the school providing acknowledgement of the school’s capacity and also to motivate the trainees in camp. The school should focus more of its marketing effort on the enhancement of the online platform and its development for extended usage such as in the communication with its consumers and their feedback, enrolment, advertising, and general trade including sale of tickets for events and the school’s branded promotional items and apparel. This is essentially because the Internet is fast becoming a point of convergence for all media and a platform for socialization on a global scale (Howard 2000).   Conclusion This report consists of a marketing audit that I conducted during my placement at the Cambridge Elite Soccer School as an Administrative assistant and doubling up as a Brand assistant. The report has in summary described Cambridge Elite Soccer School (CESS), its history and achievements in its line of business, its objectives and mission. The report has further described its marketing approach as well as discussed its strategic approach and the various external/environmental factors that have influenced it in its line of business. Added to this, its standing compared to its direct and indirect competitors has been described detailing its relative success at a differentiation strategy. The report then gives the result of a study done through the administration of questionnaires which shows success in the schools marketing in its early life and which serves as impetus to the schools management team to find strategies, ways and means of enhancing its potential in marketing. The report finally gives recommendations on the areas of potential improvement and enhancement. References Barrand, D., 2005. Why brands are banking on sport. Promotions Incentives, 13-14 Blann, F., and K.,   Armstrong, 2003. â€Å"Sport marketing.† In:   J. Parks J. Quarterman (Eds), Contemporary Sport management (2nd edition). Champaign, JL: Human Kinetics. Brian, T., and B., Michael, 2000. The Match-Up Hypothesis: Physical Attractiveness, Expertise, and the Role of Fit on Brand Attitude, Purchase Intent and Brand Beliefs. In: Journal of Advertising 3, pp1 – 13. Fullerton, S., 2007. Sports marketing. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Gladden, J., and W., Sutton, 2005. â€Å"Marketing principles applied to sport management.† In: L. MasteraJexis, C. Barr, M. Huns (Eds), Principles and practice of sport management. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Griffin, J., 1996. The Internets expanding role in building customer loyalty. Direct Marketing, 59(9), 46-50 Howard, D., and R., Burton, 2000. The Internets role in shaping the future of sport. Paper presented at the Third International Sport Management Alliance Conference, Sydney, Australia. Matthew, S., 2005. Sport Marketing. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall Appendix CESS – Cambridge Elite Soccer School. Results collated from questionnaires administered Number of respondents – 410 (both email and post) 70% (287 respondents) confirmed participation in the school’s events and activities ranging from being spectators at fixtures and league games, to in-house participatory games and even bringing young family members to enroll at the school. 45% of the respondents above (129 respondents) confirmed having participated for two and a half years of the schools three and a half year existence. 80% (328 of the 410 respondents) were willing to participate in the school’s events going forward. The school received a high rating at an average of 6.2 points in a scale of 1 to 10. Most of the respondents were from the locality of Cambridge at 89 %. The rest were spread out in the environs.

Biography of Aurangzeb, Emperor of Mughal India

Biography of Aurangzeb, Emperor of Mughal India Emperor Aurangzeb of Indias Mughal Dynasty (November 3, 1618–March 3, 1707) was a ruthless leader who, despite his willingness to take the throne over the bodies of his brothers, went on to create a golden age of Indian civilization. An orthodox  Sunni Muslim, he reinstated taxes and laws penalizing Hindus and imposing Sharia law. At the same time, however, he greatly expanded the Mughal empire and was described by his contemporaries as being disciplined, pious, and intelligent. Fast Facts: Aurangzeb Known For: Emperor of India; builder of the Taj MahalAlso Known As: Muhi-ud-Din Muhammad, AlamgirBorn: November 3, 1618  in Dahod, IndiaParents: Shah Jahan,  Mumtaz MahalDied: March 3, 1707  in Bhingar, Ahmednagar, IndiaSpouse(s): Nawab Bai,  Dilras Banu Begum,  Aurangabadi MahalChildren: Zeb-un-Nissa, Muhammad Sultan, Zinat-un-Nissa, Bahadur Shah I, Badr-un-Nissa, Zubdat-un-Nissa, Muhammad Azam Shah, Sultan Muhammad Akbar, Mehr-un-Nissa, Muhammad Kam BakhshNotable Quote: Strange, that I came into the world with nothing, and now I am going away with this stupendous caravan of sin! Wherever I look, I see only God...I have sinned terribly, and I do not know what punishment awaits me. (supposedly communicated on his deathbed) Early Life Aurangzeb was born on November 3, 1618, the third son of Prince Khurram (who would become  Emperor Shah Jahan) and the Persian princess Arjumand Bano Begam. His mother is more commonly known as Mumtaz Mahal, Beloved Jewel of the Palace. She later inspired Shah Jahan to build the Taj Mahal. During Aurangzebs childhood, however, Mughal politics made life difficult for the family. Succession did not necessarily fall to the eldest son. Instead, the sons built armies and competed militarily for the throne. Prince Khurram was the favorite to become the next emperor, and his father bestowed the title Shah Jahan Bahadur, or Brave King of the World, on the young man. In 1622, however, when Aurangzeb was 4 years old, Prince Khurram learned that his stepmother was supporting a younger brothers claim to the throne. The prince revolted against his father  but was defeated after four years. Aurangzeb and a brother were sent to their grandfathers court as hostages. When Shah Jahans father died in 1627, the rebel prince became Emperor of the Mughal Empire. The 9-year-old Aurangzeb was reunited with his parents at Agra in 1628. The young Aurangzeb studied statecraft and military tactics, the Quran, and languages in preparation for his future role. Shah Jahan, however, favored his first son Dara Shikoh and believed that he had the potential to become the next Mughal emperor. Aurangzeb, Military Leader The 15-year-old Aurangzeb proved his courage in 1633. All of Shah Jahans court was arrayed in a pavilion and watching an elephant fight when one of the elephants ran out of control. As it thundered toward the royal family, everyone scattered except Aurangzeb, who ran forward and headed off the furious pachyderm. This act of near-suicidal bravery raised Aurangzebs status in the family. The following year, the teenager got command of an army of 10,000 cavalry and 4,000 infantry; he soon was dispatched to put down the Bundela rebellion. When he was 18, the young prince was appointed viceroy of the Deccan region, south of the Mughal heartland. When Aurangzebs sister died in a fire in 1644, he took three weeks to return home to Agra rather than rushing back immediately. Shah Jahan was so angry about his tardiness that he stripped Aurangzeb of his viceroy of Deccan title. Relations between the two deteriorated the following year, and Aurangzeb was banished from court. He bitterly accused the emperor of favoring Dara Shikoh. Shah Jahan needed all of his sons in order to run his huge empire, however, so in 1646 he appointed Aurangzeb governor of Gujarat. The following year, the 28-year-old Aurangzeb also took up the governorships of Balkh (Afghanistan) and Badakhshan (Tajikistan) on the empires vulnerable northern flank. Although Aurangzeb had a lot of success in extending Mughal rule north and westward, in 1652 he failed to take the city of Kandahar, Afghanistan from the Safavids. His father again recalled him to the capital. Aurangzeb would not languish in Agra for long, though; that same year, he was sent south to govern the Deccan once more. Aurangzeb Fights for the Throne In late 1657, Shah Jahan became ill. His beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal had died in 1631 and he never really got over her loss. As his condition worsened, his four sons by Mumtaz began to fight for the Peacock Throne. Shah Jahan favored the eldest son Dara, but many Muslims considered him too worldly and irreligious. Shuja, the second son, was a hedonist who used his position as governor of Bengal as a platform for acquiring beautiful women and wine. Aurangzeb, a much more committed Muslim than either of the elder brothers, saw his chance to rally the faithful behind his own banner. Aurangzeb craftily recruited his younger brother Murad, convincing him that together they could remove Dara and Shuja and place Murad on the throne. Aurangzeb disavowed any plans to rule himself, claiming that his only ambition was to make the hajj to Mecca. Later in 1658 as the combined armies of Murad and Aurangzeb moved north toward the capital, Shah Jahan recovered his health. Dara, who had crowned himself regent, stepped aside. The three younger brothers refused to believe that Shah Jahan was well, though, and converged on Agra, where they defeated Daras army. Dara fled north but was betrayed by a Baluchi chieftain and brought back to Agra in June 1659. Aurangzeb had him executed for apostasy from Islam and presented his head to their father. Shuja also fled to Arakan (Burma) and was executed there. Meanwhile, Aurangzeb had his former ally Murad executed on trumped-up murder charges in 1661. In addition to disposing of all of his rival brothers, the new Mughal Emperor placed his father under house arrest in Agra Fort. Shah Jahan lived there for eight years, until 1666. He spent most of his time in bed, gazing out the window at the Taj Mahal. The Reign of Aurangzeb Aurangzebs 48-year reign is often cited as a Golden Age of the Mughal Empire, but it was rife with trouble and rebellions. Although Mughal rulers from Akbar the Great through Shah Jahan practiced a remarkable degree of religious tolerance and were great patrons of the arts, Aurangzeb reversed both of these policies. He practiced a much more orthodox, even fundamentalist version of Islam, going so far as to outlaw music and other performances in 1668. Both Muslims and Hindus were forbidden to sing, play musical instruments, or to dance- a serious damper on the traditions of both faiths in India. Aurangzeb also ordered the destruction of Hindu temples, although the exact number is not known. Estimates range from under 100 to tens of thousands. In addition, he ordered the enslavement of Christian missionaries. Aurangzeb expanded Mughal rule both north and south, but his constant military campaigns and religious intolerance rankled many of his subjects. He did not hesitate to torture and kill prisoners of war, political prisoners, and anyone he considered un-Islamic. To make matters worse, the empire became over-extended and Aurangzeb imposed ever higher taxes in order to pay for his wars. The Mughal army was never able to completely quash Hindu resistance in the Deccan, and the Sikhs of northern Punjab rose up against Aurangzeb repeatedly throughout his reign. Perhaps most worryingly for the Mughal emperor, he relied heavily on Rajput warriors, who by this time formed the backbone of his southern army and were faithful Hindus. Although they were displeased with his policies, they did not abandon Aurangzeb during his lifetime, but they revolted against his son as soon as the emperor died. Perhaps the most disastrous revolt of all was the Pashtun Rebellion of 1672–1674. Babur, the founder of the Mughal Dynasty, came from Afghanistan to conquer India, and the family had always relied upon the fierce Pashtun tribesmen of Afghanistan and what is now Pakistan to secure the northern borderlands. Charges that a Mughal governor was molesting tribal women sparked a revolt among the Pashtuns, which led to a complete breakdown of control over the northern tier of the empire and its critical trade routes. Death On March 3, 1707, the 88-year-old Aurangzeb died in central India. He left an empire stretched to the breaking point and riddled with rebellions. Under his son Bahadur Shah I, the Mughal Dynasty began its long, slow decline into oblivion, which finally ended when the British sent the last emperor into exile in 1858  and established the British Raj in India. Legacy Emperor Aurangzeb is considered to be the last of the Great Mughals. However, his ruthlessness, treachery, and intolerance surely contributed to the weakening of the once-great empire. Perhaps Aurangzebs early experiences of being held hostage by his grandfather and being constantly overlooked by his father warped the young princes personality. Certainly, the lack of a specified line of succession did not make family life particularly easy. The brothers must have grown up knowing that one day they would have to fight one another for power. In any case, Aurangzeb was a fearless man who knew what he had to do in order to survive. Unfortunately, his choices left the Mughal Empire itself far less able to fend off foreign imperialism in the end. Sources Ikram, S.M, Ed. Ainslie T. Embree.  Muslim Civilization in India. New York: Columbia University Press, 1964.Spear, T.G. Percival. â€Å"Aurangzeb.†Ã‚  Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, 27 Feb. 2019.Truschke, Audrey. â€Å"The Great Aurangzeb Is Everybodys Least Favourite Mughal.†Ã‚  Aeon, 4 Apr. 2019.

Decriminalizing Drugs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Decriminalizing Drugs - Essay Example Illegal drug use continues in the US despite numerous and aggressive enforcement strategies and legislation aimed at illegal drug sales and use (Reuter 512). In addition to illegal drugs, the rate of prescription drug misuse and addiction continues to rise, with Oxycontin being the most common of these drugs (Grau et al. 169). Regardless of whether the drugs are legal or illegal, drug use and addiction has many direct and indirect effects on society including health costs, crime rates, incarceration, rates, and high costs of enforcement and legislation (Reuter 514). However, as evidenced by the steady increase in drug use, current attempts at drug control do not seem to have any significant effect and are apparently not effective, making decriminalization a more effective alternative. An Argument against Decriminalizing or Legalizing Drugs In the article, â€Å"Against the Legalization of Heroin,† de Marneffe presents his argument as to why the United States should not legaliz e or decriminalize illegal drugs (34-40). The first reason he presents against the decriminalization or legalization of illegal drugs in the US is that it would surely lead to an increase in their use (34). While this premise is based solely on speculation and assumption, and not based on facts or evidence, it is the argument most commonly used by individuals opposing drug decriminalization or legalization in the US. De Marneffe continues the speculation by making the prediction that if drugs (i.e. heroin) were made legal in the US, all adolescents would begin their regular use which would have a detrimental effect on their achievement in the future and general wellbeing (36). This argument is based on the premise that life is especially difficult for adolescents and heroin use is pleasurable, so adolescents would use it regularly to deal with life in general (37). However, like the previously discussed argument, there are no facts or evidence to prove this. In the article, de Marneffe also argues that current drug laws and policies make using illegal drugs (i.e. heroin) more difficult and more expensive, make the drugs less available, reinforce the social norms against using them, and predictably reduce rates of illegal drug use (36). Again, as with his other arguments, there are no facts or evidence supporting this premise; and, the argument is based on speculation and assumption like the othe r arguments presented in the article (36-7). History of US Drug Laws Throughout the 19th century, illicit drugs such as opium, morphine, cocaine and heroin, were legal in the United States (Echegaray 1217). In 1914, the US Congress passed the first antinarcotics act, the Harrison Act, which was a law controlling the sale and distribution of certain drugs; however, the Harrison Act did not prohibit drugs entirely (1222). The Narcotic Drugs Importation and Export Act dealt with importing and exporting drugs and it was passed in 1922 (1223). By the 1950s, a number of laws were passed that prohibited or restricted using, selling or distributing drugs (i.e. cocaine, heroin) (1225). For example, the Boggs Amendment to the Harrison Act was passed in 1951, establishing a mandatory two-year sentence for convictions of first-time drug offenders; and, the Narcotics Control Act increased penalties for drug